In the early 1980s in Moscow, in a park near justness Aeroport metro station, one could often see an elderly wife walking. Numerous passers-by who fall over her rarely recognized in disintegrate the pop singer and entertainer Klavdia Ivanovna Shulzhenko, previously celebrated throughout the Soviet Union. Imprecision one time, soldiers and work force cane on all fronts of blue blood the gentry Great Patriotic War listened amount her voice, and in amity she was applauded by Metropolis builders, Ivanovo weavers, Donetsk miners and Kazakh virgin lands.
Magnanimity talent of this woman was admired by the country's fit to drop leadership and honored artists. Way the Soviet stage, she de facto was a superstar, the fame of hundreds of thousands be partial to people, records with her songs were recorded and sold problem millions of copies.
Klavdia Ivanovna Shulzhenko was born on March 24, 1906 (exactly 110 years ago) in Kharkov.
Then no separate could have thought that that girl would become a eminent pop singer throughout the kingdom, and in 1971, a People's Artist of the USSR. Klavdia Ivanovna was born in dignity family of the accountant in this area the Railway Administration Ivan Ivanovich Shulzhenko and his wife Vera Aleksandrovna Shulzhenko.
It is fee noting that the girl's cleric was not an ordinary City accountant, he was a take place connoisseur of songs and romances. In his spare time, fiasco sang in an amateur choristers and played in a courtesan band. They say that as Ivan Shulzhenko began to chant, listeners pulled up from resistance over the street, and let alone neighboring streets too.
So depiction love for music and revealing was passed on to dignity girl from her father.
The pop dreamed that his daughter would become a singer. And petite Klavdia Shulzhenko was crazy buck up Vera Kholodnaya and other undeclared film actors, believing that mankind could sing, but only skilful few could become a positive actor.
One way or concerning, all the native girls thin her hobbies and inspired multifaceted to a creative career. Stuff Kharkov there was a Slavonic drama theater, in which picture famous director Nikolai Sinelnikov phony in those years. By probity age of 15, Claudia reviewed the entire repertoire of distinction theater and vowed to ourselves that she would definitely pass away an actress.
As a result, turnup for the books the age of 16, justness girl, whose creative potential was supported by relatives and acquaintances, decided to take a unpick bold step.
In 1923, she came to the Kharkov Exhibition Theater and cheerfully offered birth director to take her interruption work in the troupe. Capable the question of Nikolai Sinelnikov, slightly discouraged by this nearing, about what she can put the lid on, Klavdia Shulzhenko resolutely answered: "Sing, dance and recite!" The tubby little girl with basket hair, dressed in her mother's smart dress, charmed the famous administrator.
He asked the well-known squeeze up the future, but still novitiate composer Isaak Dunaevsky, who was in charge of the melodious part of the theater, pause play along with her. Ethics girl's musical talent, her inexperienced spontaneity and already visible endowment liked the director, and fiasco took her into the transient troupe.
In those years, effort into the troupe of governor Sinelnikov was considered a unpick great success for a neophyte actor. At that time, distinction Kharkov theater and its agglomerate were considered the best be bothered the periphery.
For several years depending on 1928, Klavdiya Shulzhenko worked adorn the direct supervision of Nikolai Sinelnikov.
On his recommendation, she entered the Kharkov Conservatory footing a vocal course taught offspring Professor Chemizov. Thanks to give someone the boot participation in the performances magnetize her native theater and persevere studies at the conservatory, say publicly Kharkiv audience began to certify Klavdia. Although Klavdia Ivanovna not under any condition became a famous actress, move the theater she played exceptionally in the crowd and hum in the choir, her exertion in the drama theater was not in vain for stifle.
Claudia's acting abilities were ascendant clearly manifested then on illustriousness stage, where she managed practically everything from the acting ammunition dump that she acquired on nobility stage: comedic characters, lyrics, blue blood the gentry ability to dance.
For Klavdia Shulzhenko, Kharkov has become not tetchy a city of childhood nearby youth, but also the family of serious love.
In 1928, her peer from Odessa, Vladimir Koralli, came to this megalopolis on tour. In the mid-20s of the last century, type went on tour with unblended variety theater, beat tap flow, led concerts as an player, performed satirical and funny couplets. The first meeting turned knowledgeable to be fleeting, in primacy same year the singer left-hand for Leningrad.
It was advocate the city on the River that their second meeting took place, which laid the set off for their future family impressive creative union. Claudia Shulzhenko wedded Vladimir Coralli in 1930, keep in check May 1932 they had uncluttered son, Igor.
It is worth signs that the true recognition put forward love of the public came to Shulzhenko precisely in Petrograd, where she left Kharkov confine 1928 and to which she then gave half of make up for life.
As a pop songstress in the spring of 1928, she was invited to complete at a concert that was timed to coincide with glory Press Day, the performance took place on the stage short vacation the Mariinsky Theater. In just so one evening, she became renowned. For an encore, the crooner was summoned at that concord three times, and offers snip perform were poured in.
Ordinary 1929 she became a minstrel of the Leningrad stage shaft performed at the Moscow Penalty Hall. One after another, record office appear with her recordings, which are sold in thousands. Edict those years in the USSR it was difficult to discover a house in which dignity songs performed by her would not sound: "Chelita", "Grenada", "Note", "Unharness, lads, horses!", "Uncle Vanya", "From the edge to inconsiderable "," Portrait "and many others.
In 1934, Shulzhenko managed to knowledge in the film "Who levelheaded your friend?" directed by Class.
A. Averbakh in the lap of Vera. In 1936 haunt first gramophone recordings appeared. Distinguished in the fall of 1939, the first All-Union Contest position Variety Artists took place. High-mindedness extremely strict and authoritative allow of the competition did beg for award the first prize purify anyone, although there were totally a few talented artists amidst the contestants.
At the employ time, three songs - "Chelita", "Note" and "Girl, Goodbye", which were presented by Klavdia Shulzhenko, made a very strong feeling on both the audience champion the jury, allowing her contempt become a laureate of decency competition. After its completion, tea break popularity only grew. More final more records with her recordings were born, and they plainspoken not linger on store shelves for a long time.
In Jan 1940, a jazz orchestra was formed in Leningrad under honesty direction of the spouses Vladimir Coralli and Claudia Shulzhenko, which was quite popular and existed until the summer of 1945.
From the first day depose the Great Patriotic War, that collective turns into a front-line jazz ensemble, with which Klavdia Shulzhenko performs in front endlessly the soldiers of the City Front, sometimes right on class front line. The announcement have fun the beginning of the armed conflict found the singer on structure in Yerevan, from where she voluntarily decides to go equal the front.
Hundreds of age Shulzhenko went to the have an advantage, where she performed in anterior of the soldiers of honourableness Red Army, her songs sound both in the front hold your fire and in hospitals in integrity rear. At the end spick and span 1941, the future legendary concord "Blue Scarf" appeared in bunch up repertoire, the music for which was written by the Expertise composer Jerzy Peterburgsky.
There were many different versions of interpretation lyrics for this song. Klavdia Shulzhenko performed the text incite Yakov Galitsky edited by Mikhail Maksimov.
On July 12, 1942, decency 500th concert of Shulzhenko nearby the Front Jazz Ensemble took place on the stage disruption the Leningrad House of loftiness Red Army, later in birth same year the singer was awarded the medal "For description Defense of Leningrad", and constitution May 9, 1945 - representation Order of the Red Familiarity.
In the summer of 1945, for outstanding services in representation field of vocal art, Klavdia Ivanovna was awarded the reputation of Honored Artist of picture RSFSR. Then the Soviet force wrote that the singer's endorsement creative credo, her lyrical hero and artistic theme were conversant precisely during the Great Loyalist War, since there were maladroit thumbs down d more “random” songs in turn a deaf ear to repertoire.
However, her songs were still different, but the person in charge learned to make them actually her own. During the besiege of Leningrad, she gave alternative than 500 concerts for other ranks and officers. And thanks surrender her performance, such front-line songs as "Let's smoke", "Blue handkerchief", "Friends-fellow soldiers" received all-Union gratefulness and love of the audience.
During the war years, the forts of Kronstadt, front-line dugouts, harbour wards, an airfield field, fastidious forest edge, and wooden sheds often became its stage sites.
However, in any conditions, she tried to appear at dignity concert in a dress folk tale high-heeled shoes. Once she locked away to perform straight from primacy side of a truck angst the sides folded down, ascension on this impromptu scene, she broke a heel. After desert, she gave a concert, appreciation on tiptoe. During the assist, German aviation made a foray, anti-aircraft artillery started working, bombs began to explode not great away.
The singer was absolutely pushed down by force, tender pressed her overcoat to excellence ground. When the air surprise attack ended, Klavdia Shulzhenko went cessation on stage again, dusted out her outfit and finished grandeur concert, but without her wince. And this is just single small episode from the combatant biography of Shulzhenko, and she held a huge number capacity such concerts during the warfare years.
The soldiers answered added for this gratitude: they wrote her numerous letters, gave burgeon, kept records and photographs.
At magnanimity end of the 1940s, Shulzhenko still remains a fantastically typical and sought-after singer, the course of records on which collect songs would be is accounted at millions of copies.
Whitehead fact, Shulzhenko's voice becomes first-class real symbol of the stage, the sound embodiment of representation Great Patriotic War. Very over and over again it was used in headland films and documentaries in line to indicate the time location of what is happening. But, attempts to act in flicks basically did not lead do away with anything, losing contact with nobility audience, Klavdia Ivanovna herself was lost.
At some point, her affair with the authorities even began to deteriorate.
At the wriggle of the 1940-1950s, she was accused of philistinism and fatigued to impose her own list on her. However, she plain-spoken not begin to perform condescending songs of the Soviet time eon. Shulzhenko sang about love, fret about the party and depiction Komsomol, perhaps that is ground she received the title quite a few People's Artist of the USSR relatively late, in 1971, by then at the end of pull together pop career.
True or fairy story, but there is information focus Klavdia Ivanovna even quarreled additional Stalin. She refused to work at a concert on Dec 31, 1952, which was fretful by the leader. The apportion before, on December 30, they called her and said delay she would perform in rendering Kremlin, to which the songster replied that they had warned her too late, she confidential already managed to draw tribe her own plans for that day.
"According to the building, I also have the observable to rest!" - said Shulzhenko. If such a story de facto took place, the early grip of Joseph Stalin left other without any special consequences undertake the singer's creative activity.
In 1956, Shulzhenko divorced Coralli. In July of the same year, bumptious Marianna Semenova introduced her confront the famous cinematographer Georgy Kuzmich Epifanov, who had been misrepresent love with the singer because 1940.
Epifanov fell in affection with her even before picture start of the war, like that which he accidentally acquired her shade with the song "Chelita". Turf a few months later, accepting got to her concert behave Leningrad, he realized that earth had completely “disappeared”. Georgy Epifanov was in love with Claudia Shulzhenko in absentia for 16 long years and remained attached to this love until honourableness end of his life.
Perimeter these years, the singer reactionary many letters from fans, repeat confessed their love to stifle, but in this mass forget about letters and greeting cards she always singled out those wander were signed with the momentous G. E. all corners walk up to the vast country. At nobleness same time, the cameraman was 12 years younger than rendering Soviet pop star.
It would seem that if two children love each other, what potty become an obstacle to their happiness? However, these days honourableness difference in the age closing stages two lovers is not looked at so strictly, and heavens those years such a unity was condemned, behind their backs they whispered: "The devil got in touch with the baby." However, the love of three people turned out to titter much stronger than prejudice give orders to gossip.
They lived together impending 1964, then separated, but afterward a long time, in 1976, they got back together most recent never parted.
In the postwar eld, Klavdia Shulzhenko literally reigned give something the once-over the Soviet stage, any songs she performed over time became popular. She gave dozens female solo performances a month, come to rest each new day brought any more hundreds of fans.
Over ethics years, her skills have antiquated sharpened more and more. Birth last time Klavdia Ivanovna developed on the big stage finance the Column Hall of probity House of Unions was play a part 1976. At that concert, timepiece the numerous requests of primacy audience, she performed all absorption songs of the war seniority.
At the same time, rank last LP by Klavdia Shulzhenko "Portrait" was released in 1980, four years before her defile, and in 1981 her memories were published.
Claudia Shulzhenko's heart congested beating more than 30 majority ago, she died on June 17, 1984. They buried dead heat in Moscow at the Novodevichy cemetery.
According to the life of eyewitnesses, that day riposte the capital, the weather was cloudy, it was raining, on the contrary the sun peeped out strip behind the clouds directly inspect the funeral. The younger interval knows about her only hassle passing. But the main ability is that in the frost and very difficult years systematic the war, her voice arched the Soviet soldiers to foray, facilitated the recovery of birth wounded and instilled in descendants confidence that Victory would tranquil come.
On May 26, 1996, blue blood the gentry city museum of Klavdia Ivanovna Shulzhenko was opened in Metropolis, which displays concert costumes, ormal belongings, documents and other relics that belonged to the chanteuse.
And for the centenary lacking the performer, the Saratov Ornament Orchestra "Retro" has prepared grand program of original scores more than a few ensembles and orchestras with which the famous singer has unalloyed. So many years later, slice 2006, under the arches exercise the Column Hall in high-mindedness Kremlin, her songs sounded again.
Klavdia Ivanovna Shulzhenko was and indication a real national treasure, calligraphic classic and a standard notice Soviet art.
It would look as if that she did not possess such a strong voice streak such an attractive appearance, on the contrary it was her “Let's smoke” and “Blue handkerchief” that became and remain forever hits. Pound is no coincidence that penurious exaggeration they say about her: "Soviet Edith Piaf."
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