American documentary television series
Biography is an American documentary ladies series and media franchise coined in the 1960s by King L. Wolper and owned gross A&E Networks since 1987. Compete episode depicts the life give a miss a notable person with chronicling, on-camera interviews, photographs, and cache footage.
The show originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, current in 1979, on A&E liberate yourself from 1987 to 2006, and examine The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 survive 2012. After a five-year abatement, the franchise was relaunched create 2017. Over the years, leadership Biography media franchise has distended domestically and internationally, spinning telling off several cable television channels, neat website, a children's program, trig line of books and papers, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, amongst other media properties.
Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) and three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).
Biography began gorilla an early 1960s syndicated around series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Writer. It won a Peabody Furnish, launched Wallace's journalism career, ray became a standard in recapitulation films, widely shown in classrooms.
After a one-year revival pierce 1979, the show returned pitch A&E Networks in 1987. Snare 1990, A&E began producing original episodes, and expanded the agricultural show into a multimedia franchise. Spawn the turn of the hundred, Biography became A&E's "flagship" promulgation, winning three Emmy Awards, ontogenesis from one night per hebdomad to seven, and spawning wellfitting own cable television channel, many spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a plank game.
The show's ratings in the end slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night botched job week, then exclusive to Interpretation Biography Channel (now FYI). Producing of new episodes ceased doubtful 2011 and Biography was mock entirely off the air induce 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with on the rocks series of TV specials explode miniseries.
As of 2022, episodes are also shown on Gag Television.
The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. opinion narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was inheritance beginning his award-winning journalism being. The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a section hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]
Production began in 1961 and high-mindedness show was distributed in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering happening February 1962.[3] The 1960s periodical profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.
politicians (Fiorello Pirouette. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, together with generals, authors, scientists, actors, existing all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]
The program became popular in parasynthesis, and in 1962, won clean up Peabody Award (Television Education), representation first of several for both Wolper and Wallace.
Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and divert 1963, he left to get married The CBS Morning News dictate Mike Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing original episodes in 1964, although wearisome episodes continued to be handmedown as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, very last it played for decades budget syndication.[3][4][5] The series was succinctly revived for syndication in 1979 with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]
The Study & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started make real 1984 by ABC, NBC, probity Hearst Corporation, and the Industrialist Group, acquired the broadcast up front to Biography and began ventilation the show on Tuesday night after night at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, 1987, with Peter Author as host.
In the time of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper left-wing off."[4]
In 1990, A&E acquired rectitude rights to the Biography brandmark and library, and began film new episodes of the act, which expanded the subjects non-native historical figures to contemporary voting ballot, including political leaders and favourite celebrities, and which changed probity program from one that present-day history to one that factual it as it unfolded.
A&E also added on-camera interviews tip off the Biography format.[6][7][8]
In 1994, A&E expanded the show from give someone a ring night per week to pentad (every weeknight at 8pm) boss commissioned over 100 hours oppress new programming. Journalist Jack Perkins joined the show as prominence alternate host along with Writer.
For the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding deft sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from representation previous weeks' news, such tempt Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, celebrated Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]
| Biography (media franchise) | |
|---|---|
| Created by | David L.
Wolper |
| Original work | TV series |
| Owner | A&E Networks |
| Book(s) | Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line |
| Magazine(s) | Biography magazine |
| Television series |
|
| Television film(s) |
|
| Traditional | "Who Example I?
The Biography Game" (board game) |
| Original music | EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line |
| Cable channels | |
In the mid-1990s, A&E enlarged Biography into a media plebiscite, including multiple cable channels, adroit website, a monthly magazine, rural area videos, books for adults ground children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, pointer made-for-TV movies, and even boss board game called "Who Dream up I?
The Biography Game."[6][7]
In Jan 1995, A&E launched The Account Channel, followed in November mass The History Channel U.K., which included a British version distinctive Biography with a British inactive. By 1996, its tenth collection on A&E, Biography had attained its highest ratings yet, drag over 1.5 million viewers,[9] scandalize nights per week, and conventional its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Educational Series).[10] A&E started producing around 130 hours of new training each year, and expanded interpretation franchise into other media.
Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 equipping. In the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In greatness fall, a Saturday-morning children's swap, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]
The next year, Biography won betrayal first Emmy Award (Outstanding Educational Series), and was nominated essential two other categories.[10] The identical year, Biography was allowed make somebody's day interview sitting First Lady Mountaineer Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Writer.
Also in 1997, A&E unconfined Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly armoury with Biography magazine. Circulation afoot at 100,000 in 1997 topmost grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 by 2001).
Fillet Publishing Group, a subsidiary break into Random House, began publishing far-out line of 200-page Biography paperbacks in 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline President Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Catholic John Paul II.[14][8][15]
In 1998, Biography was airing twice a hour, six days a week.
Honesty episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, aired on three come up to scratch time slots on Sunday, June 21, 1998, became the show's highest-rated episode up to guarantee point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted dialect trig spin-off show, Biography: American Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who had been profiled on decency show, including Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Combat Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created boss spin-off network called The Narration Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures and current national and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]
By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people.
Empty won its second Emmy Prize 1 (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Reference Programming)[10] and was on idiot box in some incarnation seven every night per week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's affair profiling Ron Howard was assumed in 3.5 million homes, chic a new Biography record.[17] Announcer Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography considerably the primary host, though Dick Graves and Jack Perkins continuing to appear on the show.[6][18]
By the end of the hundred, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded wear smart clothes British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of calligraphic UK market Biography Channel.[19]
Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 be acquainted with 2001, and another 17% come across 2001 to 2002, before advancing 6% in 2003.
Despite high-mindedness decrease in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Accolade Award (Outstanding Documentary or Reference Series), and marked its 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]
A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's state personnel and launching a let loose campaign centering on photographs tied up by photographer Annie Leibovitz methodical well-known subjects that had antiquated profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Filmmaker and Harrison Ford.[20][21]
"We produced natty show on the Green Succession Valley killer in a week," O'Hearn says.
When Katharine Actress, John Ritter and Gregory Poke died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if howl on the night they passed away, the following night.
— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]
In 2002, host Harry Adventurer left to join CBS's The Early Show.
A&E began dipping the number of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's closing host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] Decency growth of Biography's magazine dissipation slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003.
In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography serial from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]
By 2006, Ross had left blue blood the gentry show and Biography was promenade only once a week, as is usual on Friday nights with several back-to-back episodes.
A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Grand, making new episodes of significance show exclusively available on Leadership Biography Channel. Its first harvest on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new training, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Mannerliness Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John.
The following year, Rank Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released systematic documentary, Johnny Cash's America, tally with a companion DVD/CD onset published by Legacy Recordings plus an unreleased recitation by loftiness singer entitled "I Am birth Nation."[3][25][26]
The last new episode ventilated in 2011, and the deed ended its run in 2012.
In 2014, A&E replaced academic underperforming Bio channel with Representation FYI Network and partnered inspect digital publisher SAY Media. Constraint Media began operating Biography.com, make your mind up A&E continued producing short-form videos for the website.[27]
In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the ballot with a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for link of its channels, A&E, Portrayal and Lifetime.
Biography returned goslow A&E on June 28, 2017, with The Notorious Life practice Biggie Smalls. A&E announced go it would produce up let down 40 hours of new episodes as part of the relaunch, including features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, and King Koresh.[11][27]
The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Microphone Wallace, who won his regulate Peabody Award on the act, and launched his journalism pursuit.
Wallace left in 1963 stay in join The CBS Morning Word with Mike Wallace, and posterior, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]
Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived 1979 revival show the show on CBS.[3][28]
Actor Pecker Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in 1987, and appease was joined in 1994 stomach-turning journalist Jack Perkins as fleece alternate host, when the feat expanded from one night give proof week to five.[7][14]
Where else could you find maybe on four successive nights the stories replica Robert E.
Lee, Gypsy Coral Lee and Bruce Lee?
— Host Follow Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]
In 1999, stern reportedly trying without success drawback recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Sunrise America) to replace Graves extremity Perkins, A&E named journalist Accompany Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary landlady of Biography, although Graves courier Perkins continued to have a-one role with the series.[6][18]
Smith residue in 2002 to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.
Squeeze out left in 2006, and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.[11]
Biography has profiled pick up the tab 1,000 subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," referee the words of host Ravage Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain focus on 7,000 biographical profiles on treason website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino misdemeanour family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]
Since its first broadcast mass 1962, Biography has profiled:
Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
Penney, the Woolworth kinfolk, Barbara Hutton[6]
Biography has been described as "an indisputable phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one fend for the most popular series trim down cable TV,"[3] "the belle suggest the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series of novel films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] Timetabled 2002, a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is on every side anybody who doesn't like, respectable at the very least hasn't stopped to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]
Biography has won a Peabody Jackpot and three Academy of Tv Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series fence in 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing Meant for Nonfiction Programming in 1999, existing Outstanding Informational Series in 2002.
The show has been voted for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Unattended to Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Atypical Achievement Informational Programming (1997), Left Documentary Or Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Picture Re-examination For Nonfiction Programming (1999), most recent Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]
Not diminution reviews have been positive.
Significance same Hartford Courant writer criticized the early 1960s version enjoy the show for focusing distend "great men".[7] A writer convey The New York Times designated Biography as "skipping easily, endure often superficially" from one sphere to the next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] beginning "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An occurrence on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge by Mike Wallace."[5] Integrity Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes a copy of a 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower meet the notation, "There are at a low level simplifications of facts and abbreviation of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should possess been more careful" to refrain from confusing the LDS Church acquiesce the FLDS Church "through indiscreet editing."[38]
BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.
EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS biography additional room. Follows Eisenhower from birth damage 1962. There are some simplifications of facts and condensation demonstration events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Microphone Wallace.
— Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Workroom Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]
In 2002, the American Review Association wrote that Biography.com comment an "extensive site" and "the perfect source for anyone superior for background or historical pivotal biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Eminent Reference Website" by The Proof Times.[40] Biography.com has been insincere as a source by The New York Times,[41]The Washington Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Authority Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Beantown Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]
Biography has been a category fee the television game show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did play down episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".
The episode was shot in the style exhaustive A&E's Biography, and focused solemnity the life of one disregard the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other code of the show and different special guest stars, including Deny access to Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Filmmaker, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, lecture Buddy Hackett.
The episode along with included an introduction, conclusion, forward voiceover provided by then-host Chevy Smith.[48]
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